Dr Muhammad Iqbal

 

By Tronics

Dr Muhammad Iqbal

Allama Iqbal, also known as Muhammad Iqbal, was a philosopher, poet, and politician who played a significant role in the development of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. He is considered one of the most influential figures in the history of Urdu literature and is renowned for his literary works and political philosophy. He was born on November 9, 1877, in Sialkot, Punjab, British India, and passed away on April 21, 1938, in Lahore, Punjab, British India.

Early Life:

Allama Iqbal was born into a family of Kashmiri Brahmin origin. His father, Sheikh Noor Muhammad, was a tailor, and his mother, Imam Bibi, was a housewife. Iqbal received his early education from his father and later joined the Scotch Mission College in Sialkot. He then moved to Lahore, where he obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree from Government College Lahore. He went on to study law in England and returned to Lahore in 1908 after completing his studies.

Literary Works:

Allama Iqbal is considered one of the greatest poets in the history of Urdu literature. He is known for his poetry, which deals with a wide range of subjects, including religion, philosophy, politics, and social issues. His poetry is characterized by its lyrical beauty, intellectual depth, and powerful imagery. Some of his most famous works include:

1. Asrar-i-Khudi (The Secrets of the Self): This work is considered Iqbal's masterpiece and deals with the nature of the self and its relationship with God.

2. Rumuz-i-Bekhudi (The Secrets of Selflessness): This work is a continuation of Asrar-i-Khudi and deals with the idea of selflessness and the need for individuals to rise above their individual desires and aspirations.

3. Bang-i-Dra (The Call of the Marching Bell): This work is a collection of poems that deals with a wide range of subjects, including the social, political, and religious issues of the time.

4. Zarb-i-Kalim (The Reed Pen's Strike): This work is a collection of poems that deals with the political and social issues of the time and the need for Muslims to unite and fight for their rights.

5. Armaghan-i-Hijaz (The Gift of Hijaz): This work is a collection of poems that Iqbal wrote during his visit to Mecca and Medina in 1931.

Philosophy:

Allama Iqbal was not only a poet but also a philosopher who developed a new philosophical system that he called "Khudi." This system emphasizes the importance of the self and its relationship with God. According to Iqbal, the self is the most important thing in the universe, and it is only by developing the self that we can achieve true happiness and fulfillment. He believed that the individual should focus on developing his or her own personality and should not be bound by tradition or dogma.

Iqbal's philosophy is based on the idea of "Tawhid," which means the unity of God. He believed that everything in the universe is a manifestation of God, and that the universe is a reflection of God's attributes. According to Iqbal, the ultimate goal of human life is to realize the unity of God and to become one with Him.

Political Career:

Allama Iqbal was also a prominent political figure in British India and played a key role in the creation of Pakistan. He was a member of the All India Muslim League and served as its president in 1930. He was also a member of the Punjab Legislative Council and the All India Congress Committee.